Birta sidata waxay ka samaysan tahay walxo chrome alloy ah oo si degdeg ah loo atomeeyo ka dib dhalaalidda. Daaweynta kulaylka ka dib, waxaa lagu soo bandhigay sifooyin farsamo oo wanaagsan, adkeysi wanaagsan, caabbinta daal badan, nolol-shaqo dheer, isticmaalka hooseeya iyo wixii la mid ah. 30% waa la badbaadin doonaa. Inta badan loo isticmaalo goynta granite, ciid qarxinta iyo toogashada.
Birta xamasho waxay ka samaysan tahay birta daawaha kaarboonka ee birta, waxaana loo isticmaalaa samaynta kubbadaha, rullalulayaasha iyo siddooyinka wax lagu qaado. Bir-qaadashadu waxay leedahay qallafsanaan sare oo isku mid ah iyo waqtiyo wareeg ah oo sarreeya, iyo sidoo kale dabacsanaan sare. Isku-dhafka kiimikada kiimikada, nuxurka iyo qaybinta isku-dhafka aan birta ahayn iyo qaybinta carbides ee birta birta ayaa aad u adag, taas oo ah mid ka mid ah shuruudaha sare ee dhammaan wax soo saarka birta.
Birta birta leh ee birta ah waxay ka kooban tahay birta qaaliga ah - chromium, iyada oo loo marayo habka wax soo saarka gaarka ah, qaab dhismeedka birta ah ee ugu fiican, walxaha alaabta buuxa, qallafsanaanta lebiska, waqtiyada wareegga sare, waxay si wax ku ool ah u wanaajin kartaa heerka soo kabashada (abrasive in habka qarxinta ciidda si tartiib tartiib ah loo yareeyo), si si loo yareeyo heerka isticmaalka ee nabarrada ilaa 30%.
Sida birta birta ah ee qarxinta ciidda
Qaadashada tayada birta ee loo isticmaalo qaybta jidhka qarxinta ciidda waxay si toos ah u saameynaysaa tayada iyo qiimaha qiimaha leh marka loo eego waxtarka qarxinta ciidda, dahaarka gunta, rinjiyeynta, tamarta kinetic iyo isticmaalka xoqidda. Iyada oo la sii daayo heerka waxqabadka ilaalinta daahan cusub (PSPC), waxaa jira codsi sare oo loogu talagalay gabalka tayada qarxinta xikmadda leh. Sidaa darteed, tayada birta birta ayaa aad muhiim ugu ah qarxinta ciidda.
Granules xagal ah oo loogu talagalay weelka ciidda qarxinta
Granules xagal leh oo ku qarxinaya sanduuqa weelka ka dib marka ay alxanto. Nadiifi isku-dhafka alxanka ah iyo isla mar ahaantaana si aad u keento dusha sare ee sanduuqa jirka si uu u yeesho qallafsanaan gaar ah oo uu kordhiyo saamaynta rinjiyeynta ka-hortagga, si ay u awoodaan in ay muddo dheer ka shaqeeyaan maraakiibta, chassis, gawaarida xamuulka iyo baabuurta tareenada.
Bir xagal-xagal ah oo loogu talagalay Qalabka korantada ee goobta ciidda qarxinta.
Alaabta korantada ee goobta ayaa leh codsi gaar ah oo loogu talagalay qallafsanaanta iyo nadiifinta daaweynta dusha sare. Daawaynta dusha sare ee birta xagasha ka dib, waa in ay maraan noocyada isbeddelka cimilada ee dibadda muddo dheer. Markaa, qaraxa ciidda xagal-xagalka ah ee dusha sare ayaa si gaar ah muhiim u ah.
Granite goynta birta birta ah iyo goynta dhagaxa
Si aad dhagax u jarto adigoo isticmaalaya granite goynta birta birta ah iyo goynta dhagaxa ka soo qulqulka jet biyaha. Inta lagu jiro habka goynta, qashinka dhagaxa dhagaxa ah ma laha isbeddel kiimikaad oo wuxuu leeyahay faa'iidooyin aan jacayl ku jirin kiimikada iyo waxqabadka jirka ee qalabka dhagaxa, ma laha qallafsanaanta kulaylka, jeexjeexyada cidhiidhiga ah, saxnaanta sare, dusha sare ee goynta, nadiifinta iyo wasakhowga, iwm.
Birta xagasha birta ah ee loogu talagalay Locomotives ciid qarxinta
Ka dib marka la dhammeeyo wax-soo-saarka ama dib-u-habaynta, dusha sare ee lugaha waa in lagu rinjiyeeyaa (oo ay ku jiraan jaakad hoose, dahaarka dhexe, daahan dhammayn iyo wixii la mid ah), si loo hagaajiyo muuqaalka bannaanka socodka iyo nolosha shaqada. Xulashada birta xaglaha ah ee Grit aad ayey muhiim ugu tahay daawaynta dusha sare, taas oo saameeya waxqabadka daahan ee ka-hortagga dildilaaca, caabbinta dhexgalka iyo oksaydhiskula'aanta.
Dariish bir xagal ah oo loogu talagalay Qaab dhismeedka birta
Marka loo eego qaab dhismeedka birta, xawaaraha daxalka wuxuu inta badan la xiriira qoyaanka qaraabada ah ee hawada iyo isku dhafka iyo tirada wasakhowga hawada. Si loo kordhiyo nolosheeda adeegga, qaab dhismeedka birta waa inuu u baahan yahay daawaynta dusha sare ee birta xagasha, ka dibna lagu buufiyo si loo sameeyo filimka ilaalinta dusha birta si looga hortago loona yareeyo daxalka birta.
Soo-saare Biraha Birta ah oo loogu talagalay bacaad-qarxinta Mashiinnada Dekedda
Dhismaha dekeddu waxay u isticmaashaa qaab-dhismeedka birta si weyn. Sidaa darteed, codsiga qaab-dhismeedka birta ee ka-hortagga daxalka waa mid aad u sarreeya. Mashiinada dekeddu waxay had iyo jeer la kulmaan jawi gaar ah. Tusaale ahaan, jawiga hawada qoyan ee badda, kaas oo sababa dhismooyinka qaab dhismeedka birta waxay helayaan daxal qoto dheer Markaa soo saarista birta birta ah ee wanaagsan ayaa aad muhiim u ah.
Alaabta | Birta birta ah | |
Halabuurka Kiimikada% | CR | 1.0-1.5% |
C | 0.8-1.20% | |
Si | 0.4-1.2% | |
Mn | 0.6-1.2% | |
S | ≤0.05% | |
P | ≤0.05% | |
Adag | xabbad bir ah | GP 41-50HRC; GL 50-55HRC; GH 63-68HRC |
Cufnaanta | xabbad bir ah | 7.6g/cm3 |
Qaab dhismeedka yar | Dhismaha Martensite | |
Muuqashada | Qaybaha godan ee wareegsan <5% Qurub dillaacsan <3% | |
Nooca | G120, G80, G50, G40, G25, G18, G16, G14, G12, G10 | |
Dhexroorka | 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.5mm, 0.7mm, 1.0mm, 1.2mm, 1.4mm, 1.6mm, 2.0mm, 2.5mm | |
Codsiga | 1. Goynta granite |
Shaashada No. | In | Cabbirka shaashadda | SAE J444 Heerarka Birta caadiga ah | |||||||||
G10 | G12 | G14 | G16 | G18 | G25 | G40 | G50 | G80 | G120 | |||
6 | 0.132 | 3.35 |
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7 | 0.111 | 2.8 | Dhammaan Gudub |
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8 | 0.0937 | 2.36 |
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10 | 0.0787 | 2 | 80% |
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12 | 0.0661 | 1.7 | 90% | 80% |
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14 | 0.0555 | 1.4 |
| 90% | 80% |
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16 | 0.0469 | 1.18 |
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| 90% | 75% |
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18 | 0.0394 | 1 |
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| 85% | 75% |
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20 | 0.0331 | 0.85 |
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25 | 0.028 | 0.71 |
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| 85% | 70% |
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30 | 0.023 | 0.6 |
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35 | 0.0197 | 0.5 |
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40 | 0.0165 | 0.425 |
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| 80% | 70% min |
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45 | 0.0138 | 0.355 |
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50 | 0.0117 | 0.3 |
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| 80% min | 65% min |
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80 | 0.007 | 0.18 |
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| 75% min | 65% min |
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120 | 0.0049 | 0.125 |
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| 75% min | 65% min |
200 | 0.0029 | 0.075 |
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| 70% min |
GB | 2.5 | 2 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.2 |